アルティメット公式ルール
7. プル
Decision diagram: Pull
- 7.1. 試合開始時、ハーフタイム後及び各得点後は、プルと呼ばれるディフェンスのスローからプレイが開始される。
- 7.1.1. 両チームは、不必要な遅延行為をせずに、プルの準備をしなくてはならない。
解釈： Reasonable delay before the pull
The following activities are considered reasonable prior to a pull:
- Celebrating a goal
- Determining who will play the next point,
- Determining team tactics for that point, e.g.:
who is marking whom
offensive positions
what type of defence and/or offence will be used
As a guide, the pull should be released within 75 seconds of the start of the point (which starts at the start of a half, or when the previous goal was scored). Refer to the Appendix for more details that can apply at some events.
- 7.1.1. 両チームは、不必要な遅延行為をせずに、プルの準備をしなくてはならない。
- 7.2. プルは、プレイを開始する際に両チームの準備が完了し、プルを投げる選手とオフェンス側の選手 1 人の両方が頭上に手を挙げて合図をした後にのみ行うことができる。
解釈： The puller
The puller is the defender who undertakes the pull. The pulling team may designate a new puller at any time before the pull.
- 7.3. オフェンス側の選手は、準備完了の合図をした後、プルが投げられるまで、ゴールライン上に片足を乗せて待機し、選手同士の位置関係を変更してはならない。
解釈： Signalling readiness
The offence should be legally positioned and all non-players from the offensive team should be off the playing field before the offence can legally signal readiness.
All non-players from the defensive team should be off the playing field before the pull is released.
- 7.4. ディフェンス側の選手は、準備完了の合図をした後、プルが投げられるまで、足がゴールラインよりも完全に後ろになくてはならない。（空中であっても足がゴールラインを越えてはならない）
- 7.5. 一方のチームが 7.3 に違反をした場合（「フォルススタート」）、もしくは 7.4 に反則をした場合（「オフサイド」）、もう一方のチームは「フォルススタート」もしくは「オフサイド」というバイオレーションをコールすることができる。その場合、オフェンス側の選手がディスクに触れる前にコールをしなければならない。「フォルススタート」もしくは「オフサイド」がコールされた場合であっても、7.8 は適用される。
解釈： Calling Offside
It is recommended that the opposing team provide a warning to the captain of the team committing this violation before it is enforced. Team should also take into account that calls should only be made where a breach is significant enough to make a difference to the outcome of the action.
Offside can only be called by the players on the field, and any call made by a non-player has no consequences. However non players may assist in monitoring offside and may provide advice based on their perspective.
A contested offsides call results in a stoppage of play and a re-pull. To contest an offsides call, a player on the contesting team must have perspective at least as good as the person making the call. If the call is made with the assistance of a non-player, only a similarly-positioned person would be deemed to have equal or better perspective.
Steinarのコメント（非公式！）： Sideline offside calls
This is a rare instance of a call being initiated from the sideline (even if it is not formally called by a sideline player); normally, people on the sideline should not shout calls at players on the field (e.g. “they are double-teaming!”), but e.g. raising an arm to mark an offside, which is turned into an offside call by a player on the field, is indeed allowed by this annotation. This is presumably because it is nearly impossible to precisely judge an offside from 64 meters away.
解釈： Resuming play after an Offside call
There is no difference to whether a team has been called for their first offside violation, or they have been called offside multiple times, the outcome is the same. If either team has called offside, it is still a “dropped pull” turnover if the offence touches the disc before it hits the ground, and the offensive team fails to subsequently establish possession.
If both teams are called for offside on the same pull, both outcomes described in rules 7.5.1 and 7.5.2 would apply.
What: The defence is offside and the offence calls offside after they catch the disc
Result: The offside call has no bearing and play continues as if no offside has been called
What: The defence is offside and the offence calls offside and then the disc is caught by the offence
Result: The offside call has no bearing and play continues as if no offside has been called
What: The defence is offside and the offence calls offside and then the disc hits the ground and stops in the offences defending endzone
Result: The offence can pick up the disc and resume play from the brick mark closest to their defending endzone. No check is required.
What: The offence is offside and the defence calls offside after the offence have caught the disc
Result: The offside call has no bearing and play continues as if no offside has been called
What: The offence is offside and the defence calls offside while the disc is in the air and the pull lands out-of-bounds
Result: The offence can still make a “brick” call. The thrower establishes a pivot at the brick mark closest to their defending endzone. All other offence players establish a stationary position. The defence then establish a stationary position. The disc is checked in and play resumes.
Extra: If a player makes an incorrect offside call (ie by calling it after it has been touched, or the offence calls offside and also catches the pull) and play had stopped to discuss the call, players should return to where they were when the call was made and resume play with a check.
- 7.6. プル後、すべての選手はどの方向に移動することができる。
- 7.7. プル後、オフェンス側の選手がディスクに触れる、もしくはディスクが地面に落ちるまで、ディフェンス側の選手はディスクに触れることはできない。
解釈： Defence stops a pull from rolling
What: A pull hits the ground and starts rolling towards the defending end zone, so a defender stops the disc, even before an offence player has touched it.
Result: This is allowed (Rule 8.4). If the defensive player kicked the disc towards the offensive end zone, the disc may be put into play by the offence at the point where it was kicked (Rule 8.4.1).
Extra: If the pull is still in the air without the offence having touched it, no defensive player may touch it, even if it flies back towards the defensive end zone (e.g. because of the wind). If a player does touch it, the offence may request a re-pull.
If the pull lands in the offence’s attacking end zone (i.e. a really short pull), the offence should take it on the goal line.
Any offence player can also stop the pull from rolling. That player is not required to pick up the disc after stopping it.
- 7.8. イン・バウンズかアウト・オブ・バウンズかにかかわらず、プルされたディスクが地面に落ちる前にオフェンス側の選手がディスクに触れ、かつ所有権を確立できなかった場合は、ターンオーバーとなる。（「ドロップド・プル」）
- 7.9. オフェンス側の選手がプルを直接キャッチし、その所有権を確立した場合、その選手はディスクの所有権を確立した位置に最も近いプレイングフィールド内にピボットポイントを確定させなければならない。自陣のエンドゾーン内の場合は、そのエンドゾーン内にピボットポイントを確定させる。
Diagram: Pull caught
- 7.10. プルされたディスクがまずプレイングフィールド内に落ち、一度もアウト・オブ・バウンズとならない場合、スローワーはディスクが静止した位置にピボットポイントを確定させなければならない。自陣のエンドゾーン内の場合は、そのエンドゾーン内にピボットポイントを確定させる。
Diagram: Pull lands in, stays in
- 7.11. プルされたディスクがまずプレイングフィールド内に落ち、オフェンス側の選手がディスクに触れることなくアウト・オブ・バウンズとなった場合、スローワーは、ディスクが最初にプレイングフィールドの外周を越えた位置に最も近いセントラルゾーン内にピボットポイントを確定させなければならない（自陣のエンドゾーン内にピボットポイントを確定することはない）。
Diagram: Pull lands in, rolls out (no touch)
- 7.12. プルされたディスクがプレイングフィールド内に落ちず、かつオフェンス側の選手に触れられることなくアウト・オブ・バウンズとなった場合、スローワーは、自陣のエンドゾーンに近いブリックマーク、もしくはディスクがアウト・オブ・バウンズへ出た位置（11.8）に最も近いセントラルゾーン内のどちらかをピボットポイントとして選択できる。ブリックマークからの開始を選択する場合、スローワーがディスクを拾うよりも前に、片方の腕を頭上に完全に伸ばして合図をするとともに「ブリック」とコールをしなくてはならない。この合図はスローワーに限らずオフェンス側の選手であれば誰がしても良い。
Diagram: Pull lands out
解釈： Brick call
If an offensive player signals and calls “brick”, a different offensive player may pick up the disc.
Extra: If players who had good perspective on the play cannot agree on if the pull landed out-of-bounds or in-bounds, the midpoint on the sideline between the two proposed pivot locations should be used.
Steinarのコメント（非公式！）： Can you score on the pull?
Neither offence nor defence can score on the pull itself, however impressive that may be, as 14.1 says a goal must be a catch of a legal pass, and the definition of the pull says that it is not considered one. If, by some miracle, you manage to catch the pull in the end zone you are attacking, you must take it back to the goal line and set a pivot there, due to 14.3. The same applies if it hits the ground and comes to rest there; see annotation on 7.7.